Сардела
| Сардела | |
|---|---|
| |
| Научна класификација | |
| Subfamilies & genera | |
Сардели — мали, широко распространети риби од семејството Engraulidae. Повеќето видови се наоѓаат во морските води, неколку влегуваат во соленикавите води, а некои видови во Јужна Америка се ограничени на слатка вода.[1]
Постојат повеќе од 140 видови групирани во 17 родови. Присутни се во Атлантскиот, Индискиот и Тихиот Океан, како и во Црното Море и Средоземното Море. Сарделите обично се класифицирани како мрсна риба.[2]
Екологија[уреди | уреди извор]
Сарделите се значаен извор на храна за речиси сите грабливи риби во нивната околина, вклучително и калифорниски габи, бас со пруги, жолто опавче, ајкули, кралски лосос и. Тие се исто така исклучително важни за морските цицачи и птици; на пример, успехот на размножување на калифорниските кафеави пеликани[3] и елегантните боцки е во силна корелација со изобилството на сарделата.
Систематика[уреди | уреди извор]
Родови[уреди | уреди извор]
| Родови на семејството Engraulidae | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Родови | Видови | Коментар | Родови | Видови | Коментар | |
| Amazonsprattus[4] | 1 | Anchoa | 35 | |||
| Anchovia | 3 | Anchoviella | 4 | |||
| Cetengraulis | 2 | Coilia | 13 | |||
| Encrasicholina | 5 | Engraulis[5] | 9 | Tipski rod sardela: Ovaj rod sadrži sve komercijalno značajne sardele | ||
| Jurengraulis | 1 | Lycengraulis | 4 | |||
| Lycothrissa | 1 | Papuengraulis | 1 | |||
| Pseudosetipinna | 1 | Pterengraulis | 1 | |||
| Setipinna | 8 | Stolephorus | 20 | |||
| Thryssa | 24 | |||||
Видови[уреди | уреди извор]
- Amazonsprattus scintilla Roberts, 1984
- Anchoa analis (Miller, 1945)
- Anchoa argentivittata (Regan, 1904)
- Anchoa belizensis (Thomerson and Greenfield, 1975)
- Anchoa cayorum (Fowler, 1906)
- Anchoa chamensis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa choerostoma (Goode, 1874)
- Anchoa colonensis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa compressa (Girard, 1858)
- Anchoa cubana (Poey, 1868)
- Anchoa curta (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
- Anchoa delicatissima (Girard, 1854)
- Anchoa eigenmannia (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
- Anchoa exigua (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
- Anchoa filifera (Fowler, 1915)
- Anchoa helleri (Hubbs, 1921)
- Anchoa hepsetus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Anchoa ischana (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
- Anchoa januaria (Steindachner, 1879)
- Anchoa lamprotaenia Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa lucida (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
- Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann and Marsh, 1900)
- Anchoa marinii Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Anchoa mundeola (Gilbert and Pierson in Jordan and Evermann, 1898)
- Anchoa mundeoloides (Breder, 1928)
- Anchoa nasus (Kner and Steindachner, 1867)
- Anchoa panamensis (Steindachner, 1877)
- Anchoa parva (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
- Anchoa pectoralis Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoa scofieldi (Jordan and Culver in Jordan, 1895)
- Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Anchoa starksi (Gilbert and Pierson in Jordan and Evermann, 1898)
- Anchoa tricolor (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)
- Anchoa trinitatis (Fowler, 1915)
- Anchoa walkeri Baldwin and Chang, 1970
- Anchovia clupeoides (Swainson, 1839)
- Anchovia macrolepidota (Kner, 1863)
- Anchovia surinamensis (Bleeker, 1866)
- Anchoviella alleni (Myers, 1940)
- Anchoviella balboae (Jordan and Seale, 1926)
- Anchoviella blackburni Hildebrand, 1943
- Anchoviella brevirostris (Günther, 1868)
- Anchoviella carrikeri Fowler, 1940
- Anchoviella cayennensis (Puyo, 1946)
- Anchoviella elongata (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
- Anchoviella guianensis (Eigenmann, 1912)
- Anchoviella jamesi (Jordan and Seale, 1926)
- Anchoviella lepidentostole (Fowler, 1911)
- Anchoviella manamensis Cervigón, 1982
- Anchoviella nattereri (Steindachner, 1879)
- Anchoviella perezi Cervigón, 1987
- Anchoviella perfasciata (Poey, 1860)
- Anchoviella shantungensis Li, 1978
- Anchoviella vaillanti (Steindachner, 1908)
- Cetengraulis edentulus (Cuvier, 1829)
- Cetengraulis mysticetus (Günther, 1867)
- Coilia borneensis Bleeker, 1852
- Coilia brachygnathus Kreyenberg and Pappenheim, 1908
- Coilia coomansi Hardenberg, 1934
- Coilia dussumieri Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848
- Coilia grayii Richardson, 1845
- Coilia lindmani Bleeker, 1858
- Coilia macrognathos Bleeker, 1852
- Coilia mystus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Coilia nasus Temminck and Schlegel, 1846
- Coilia neglecta Whitehead, 1967
- Coilia ramcarati (Hamilton, 1822)
- Coilia rebentischii Bleeker, 1858
- Coilia reynaldi Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848
- Encrasicholina devisi (Whitley, 1940)
- Encrasicholina heteroloba (Rüppell, 1837)
- Encrasicholina oligobranchus (Wongratana, 1983)
- Encrasicholina punctifer Fowler, 1938
- Encrasicholina purpurea (Fowler, 1900)
- Engraulis anchoita Hubbs and Marini in Marini, 1935
- Engraulis australis (White, 1790)
- Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Engraulis eurystole (Swain and Meek, 1884)
- Engraulis japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, 1846
- Engraulis mordax Girard, 1854
- Engraulis ringens Jenyns, 1842
- Jurengraulis juruensis (Boulenger, 1898)
- Lycengraulis batesii (Günther, 1868)
- Lycengraulis grossidens (Agassiz in Spix and Agassiz, 1829)
- Lycengraulis limnichthys Schultz, 1949
- Lycengraulis poeyi (Kner, 1863)
- Lycothrissa crocodilus (Bleeker, 1851)
- Papuengraulis micropinna Munro, 1964
- Pseudosetipinna haizhouensis Peng and Zhao, 1988
- Pterengraulis atherinoides (Linnaeus, 1766)
- Setipinna breviceps (Cantor, 1849)
- Setipinna brevifilis (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Setipinna melanochir (Bleeker, 1849)
- Setipinna paxtoni Wongratana, 1987
- Setipinna phasa (Hamilton, 1822)
- Setipinna taty (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Setipinna tenuifilis (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Setipinna wheeleri Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus advenus Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus andhraensis Babu Rao, 1966
- Stolephorus apiensis (Jordan and Seale, 1906)
- Stolephorus baganensis Hardenberg, 1933
- Stolephorus brachycephalus Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus carpentariae (De Vis, 1882)
- Stolephorus chinensis (Günther, 1880)
- Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepède, 1803
- Stolephorus dubiosus Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus holodon (Boulenger, 1900)
- Stolephorus indicus (van Hasselt, 1823)
- Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933
- Stolephorus multibranchus Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus nelsoni Wongratana, 1987
- Stolephorus pacificus Baldwin, 1984
- Stolephorus ronquilloi Wongratana, 1983
- Stolephorus tri (Bleeker, 1852)
- Stolephorus waitei Jordan and Seale, 1926
- Thryssa adelae (Rutter, 1897)
- Thryssa aestuaria (Ogilby, 1910)
- Thryssa baelama (Forsskål, 1775)
- Thryssa brevicauda Roberts, 1978
- Thryssa chefuensis (Günther, 1874)
- Thryssa dayi Wongratana, 1983
- Thryssa dussumieri (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
- Thryssa encrasicholoides (Bleeker, 1852)
- Thryssa gautamiensis Babu Rao, 1971
- Thryssa hamiltonii Gray, 1835
- Thryssa kammalensis (Bleeker, 1849)
- Thryssa kammalensoides Wongratana, 1983
- Thryssa malabarica (Bloch, 1795)
- Thryssa marasriae Wongratana, 1987
- Thryssa mystax (Bloch and Schneider, 1801)
- Thryssa polybranchialis Wongratana, 1983
- Thryssa purava (Hamilton, 1822)
- Thryssa rastrosa Roberts, 1978
- Thryssa scratchleyi (Ramsay and Ogilby, 1886)
- Thryssa setirostris (Broussonet, 1782)
- Thryssa spinidens (Jordan and Seale, 1925)
- Thryssa stenosoma Wongratana, 1983
- Thryssa vitrirostris (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1908)
- Thryssa whiteheadi Wongratana, 1983
Поврзано[уреди | уреди извор]
Наводи[уреди | уреди извор]
- ↑ Loeb, M.V. (2012). „A new species of Anchoviella Fowler, 1911 (Clupeiformes: Engraulidae) from the Amazon basin, Brazil“. Neotropical Ichthyology. 10 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1590/s1679-62252012000100002.
- ↑ „What's an oily fish?“. Food Standards Agency. 2004-06-24. Архивирано од изворникот на 10. 12. 2010. Посетено на 30. 06. 2019. Проверете ги датумските вредности во:
|access-date=, |archive-date=(help) - ↑ Anderson, Daniel W.; Gress, Franklin; Mais, Kenneth F.; Kelly, Paul R. (1980). North, Nance (уред.). „Brown pelicans as anchovy stock indicators and their relationships to commercial fishing“ (PDF). CalCOFIs Reports. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations. 21: 55. Архивирано од изворникот (PDF) на 23. 12. 2012. Посетено на 30. 06. 2019.
Pelican reproductive rate ... depends largely on levels of anchovy abundance and availability.
Проверете ги датумските вредности во:|access-date=, |archive-date=(help) - ↑ Фрез, Рене и Поли, Даниел, уред. (2011). "Amazonsprattus scintilla" — FishBase. June 2011 г.
- ↑ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). „A compendium of fossil marine animal genera“. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Архивирано од изворникот на 2011-07-23. Посетено на 2008-01-08.