Ephedraceae

Ephedraceae
	Ephedra nevadensis
Научна класификација [ у ]
Непознат таксон (попр):	Ephedraceae
Вид:	Ephedraceae
Научен назив
	Ephedraceae ; Dumort.
Родови
	Види текст

Ephedraceae е семејство на голосемени растенија кои припаѓаат на Gnetidae, содржи само еден постоечки род, Ephedra, како и голем број изумрени родови од раната креда.

Таксономија

Фосилни Ephedraceae
Покажува машки конус (Б)
Покажува врв на женскиот репродуктивен раст (Б)
Покажува хламидосперми (C) и овулаторен конус (F)
Дијаграм на Arlenea, кој прикажува крупен план на терминалниот регион со женски репродуктивни структури (Б) и пресек на женска репродуктивна структура. (В)

Се смета дека Ephedraceae е најбазната група меѓу постојните гнетофити. Членовите на семејството обично растат како грмушки и имаат мали, линеарни листови кои поседуваат паралелни вени. Фосилните родови покажуваат низа морфолошки транзиции помеѓу предците на лабави машки и женски репродуктивни структури и многу компактни репродуктивни структури типични за современите Ephedra.^[2]^[3]

Родови

Ephedra L.
Arlenea Ribeiro, Yang, Saraiva, Bantim, Calixto Junior et Lima, 2023^[4]
Leongathia V.A. Krassilov, D.L. Dilcher & J.G. Douglas 1998^[5]
Jianchangia Yang, Wang and Ferguson, 2020^[6]
Eamesia Yang, Lin and Ferguson, 2018^[2]
Prognetella Krassilov et Bugdaeva, 1999^[7]
Chengia Yang, Lin & Wang, 2013,^[8]
Chaoyangia Duan, 1998^[9]
Eragrosites Cao & Wu, 1998
Gurvanella Krassilov, 1982
Alloephedra Tao and Yang, 2003
Amphiephedra Miki, 1964
Beipiaoa Dilcher & al, 2001
Ephedrispermum Rydin, K.R.Pedersen, P.R.Crane et E.M.Friis, 2006
Ephedrites Guo and Wu, 2000
Erenia Krassilov, 1982
Liaoxia^[10]
Dichoephedra Ren et al. 2020^[11]
Laiyangia P.H. Jin, 2024^[12]
?Pseudoephedra Liu and Wang, 2015^[13]

Наводи

↑ Kramer KU, Green PS, Götz E (1990). Kramer KU, Green PS (уред.). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. 1: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. стр. 379–381. ISBN 3-540-51794-4.
1 2 Yang, Yong; Lin, Longbiao; Ferguson, David K.; Wang, Yingwei (December 2018). „Macrofossil evidence unveiling evolution of male cones in Ephedraceae (Gnetidae)“. BMC Evolutionary Biology (англиски). 18 (1): 125. Bibcode:2018BMCEE..18..125Y. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1243-9. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 6116489. PMID 30157769.
↑ Yang, Yong (2014-02-04). „A systematic classification of Ephedraceae: living and fossil“. Phytotaxa. 158 (3): 283. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.158.3.8. ISSN 1179-3163.
↑ Ribeiro, Alita Maria Neves; Yang, Yong; Saraiva, Antônio Álamo Feitosa; Bantim, Renan Alfredo Machado; Calixto Junior, João Tavares; de Lima, Flaviana Jorge (June 2023). „Arlenea delicata gen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil“. Plant Diversity (англиски). doi:10.1016/j.pld.2023.06.008. PMC 11119550 Проверете ја вредноста |pmc= (help).
↑ Krassilov, V.A.; Dilcher, D.L.; Douglas, J.G. (January 1998). „New ephedroid plant from the Lower Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed, Victoria, Australia“. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology (англиски). 22 (2): 123–133. Bibcode:1998Alch...22..123K. doi:10.1080/03115519808619195. ISSN 0311-5518.
↑ Yang, Yong; Wang, Yingwei; Ferguson, David Kay (2020-02-04). „A new macrofossil ephedroid plant with unusual bract morphology from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of northeastern China“. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 20 (1): 19. Bibcode:2020BMCEE..20...19Y. doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1569-y. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 7001366. PMID 32019502.
↑ Yang, Yong; Ferguson, David K. (October 2015). „Macrofossil evidence unveiling evolution and ecology of early Ephedraceae“. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics (англиски). 17 (5): 331–346. doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2015.06.006.
↑ Yang, Yong; Lin, Longbiao; Wang, Qi (2013-03-27). „Chengia laxispicatagen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, Northeast China: evolutionary, taxonomic, and biogeographic implications“. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (1): 72. Bibcode:2013BMCEE..13...72Y. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-72. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 3626868. PMID 23530702.
↑ Duan, Shuying (April 1998). „The oldest angiosperm—a tricarpous female reproductive fossil from western Liaoning Province, NE China“. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences (англиски). 41 (1): 14–20. doi:10.1007/BF02932415. ISSN 1006-9313. S2CID 195305514.
↑ Rydin, C.; Wu, S. Q.; Friis, E. M. (December 2006). „Liaoxia Cao et S.Q. Wu (Gnetales): ephedroids from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Liaoning, northeastern China“. Plant Systematics and Evolution (англиски). 262 (3–4): 239–265. doi:10.1007/s00606-006-0481-2. ISSN 0378-2697. S2CID 43425154.
↑ Ren, Wen-Xiu; Tang, De-Liang; Wang, Zhuo-Er; Sun, Bai-Nian; Wu, Jing-Yu; Ding, Su-Ting (October 2022). „Dichoephedra beishanensis gen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant with unusual branching patterns from the Lower Cretaceous of northwestern China“. Cretaceous Research (англиски). 138. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105284. S2CID 249654802 Проверете ја вредноста |s2cid= (help). Занемарен непознатиот параметар |article-number= (help)
↑ Jin, Peihong; Zhang, Mingzhen; Du, Baoxia; Zhang, Jing; Sun, Bainian (March 2024). „A new gnetalean macrofossil from the Lower Cretaceous of the Laiyang Basin, eastern China“. Plant Diversity (англиски). doi:10.1016/j.pld.2024.03.002. PMC 11403114 Проверете ја вредноста |pmc= (help).
↑ Liu, Zhong-Jian; Wang, Xin (January 2016). „An enigmatic Ephedra -like fossil lacking micropylar tube from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China“. Palaeoworld (англиски). 25 (1): 67–75. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.07.005.

[Kramer-1] Kramer KU, Green PS, Götz E (1990). Kramer KU, Green PS (уред.). The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Vol. 1: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. стр. 379–381. ISBN 3-540-51794-4.

[:0-2] 1 2 Yang, Yong; Lin, Longbiao; Ferguson, David K.; Wang, Yingwei (December 2018). „Macrofossil evidence unveiling evolution of male cones in Ephedraceae (Gnetidae)“. BMC Evolutionary Biology (англиски). 18 (1): 125. Bibcode:2018BMCEE..18..125Y. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1243-9. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 6116489. PMID 30157769.

[3] Yang, Yong (2014-02-04). „A systematic classification of Ephedraceae: living and fossil“. Phytotaxa. 158 (3): 283. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.158.3.8. ISSN 1179-3163.

[:1-4] Ribeiro, Alita Maria Neves; Yang, Yong; Saraiva, Antônio Álamo Feitosa; Bantim, Renan Alfredo Machado; Calixto Junior, João Tavares; de Lima, Flaviana Jorge (June 2023). „Arlenea delicata gen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation, Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil“. Plant Diversity (англиски). doi:10.1016/j.pld.2023.06.008. PMC 11119550 Проверете ја вредноста |pmc= (help).

[5] Krassilov, V.A.; Dilcher, D.L.; Douglas, J.G. (January 1998). „New ephedroid plant from the Lower Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed, Victoria, Australia“. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology (англиски). 22 (2): 123–133. Bibcode:1998Alch...22..123K. doi:10.1080/03115519808619195. ISSN 0311-5518.

[6] Yang, Yong; Wang, Yingwei; Ferguson, David Kay (2020-02-04). „A new macrofossil ephedroid plant with unusual bract morphology from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of northeastern China“. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 20 (1): 19. Bibcode:2020BMCEE..20...19Y. doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1569-y. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 7001366. PMID 32019502.

[7] Yang, Yong; Ferguson, David K. (October 2015). „Macrofossil evidence unveiling evolution and ecology of early Ephedraceae“. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics (англиски). 17 (5): 331–346. doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2015.06.006.

[8] Yang, Yong; Lin, Longbiao; Wang, Qi (2013-03-27). „Chengia laxispicatagen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning, Northeast China: evolutionary, taxonomic, and biogeographic implications“. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (1): 72. Bibcode:2013BMCEE..13...72Y. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-72. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 3626868. PMID 23530702.

[9] Duan, Shuying (April 1998). „The oldest angiosperm—a tricarpous female reproductive fossil from western Liaoning Province, NE China“. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences (англиски). 41 (1): 14–20. doi:10.1007/BF02932415. ISSN 1006-9313. S2CID 195305514.

[10] Rydin, C.; Wu, S. Q.; Friis, E. M. (December 2006). „Liaoxia Cao et S.Q. Wu (Gnetales): ephedroids from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Liaoning, northeastern China“. Plant Systematics and Evolution (англиски). 262 (3–4): 239–265. doi:10.1007/s00606-006-0481-2. ISSN 0378-2697. S2CID 43425154.

[11] Ren, Wen-Xiu; Tang, De-Liang; Wang, Zhuo-Er; Sun, Bai-Nian; Wu, Jing-Yu; Ding, Su-Ting (October 2022). „Dichoephedra beishanensis gen. et sp. nov., a new ephedroid plant with unusual branching patterns from the Lower Cretaceous of northwestern China“. Cretaceous Research (англиски). 138. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105284. S2CID 249654802 Проверете ја вредноста |s2cid= (help). Занемарен непознатиот параметар |article-number= (help)

[12] Jin, Peihong; Zhang, Mingzhen; Du, Baoxia; Zhang, Jing; Sun, Bainian (March 2024). „A new gnetalean macrofossil from the Lower Cretaceous of the Laiyang Basin, eastern China“. Plant Diversity (англиски). doi:10.1016/j.pld.2024.03.002. PMC 11403114 Проверете ја вредноста |pmc= (help).

[13] Liu, Zhong-Jian; Wang, Xin (January 2016). „An enigmatic Ephedra -like fossil lacking micropylar tube from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China“. Palaeoworld (англиски). 25 (1): 67–75. doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.07.005.

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